A patient presents to the emergency department with reports of vomiting and diarrhea for the past 48 hours. The health care provider orders isotonic intravenous (IV) therapy. Which IV will the nurse prepare?
a. 0.225% sodium chloride (1/4 NS)
b. 0.45% sodium chloride (1/2 NS)
c. 0.9% sodium chloride (NS)
d. 3% sodium chloride (3% NaCl)
ANS: C
Patients with prolonged vomiting and diarrhea become hypovolemic. A solution to replace extracellular volume is 0.9% sodium chloride, which is an isotonic solution. 0.225% and 0.45% sodium chloride are hypotonic. 3% sodium chloride is hypertonic.
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