Which word best describes the role of the therapist in the humanistic approach to psychotherapy?
a. ?controlling
b. ?nondirective
c. ?challenging
d. ?suggestive
ANSWER:
b
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Which statement best answers the question, "Do environmental factors cause schizophrenia?"
a. "Concordance rates are less than 50 percent in identical twins, and therefore, environmental factors must play a causal role." b. "Environmental factors such as poor family communication are usually caused by schizophrenia, not the other way around." c. "There is little evidence that environmental factors contribute to the disorder." d. "If environmental influences play a causal role, it is probably in adulthood, close to the time when symptoms first appear."
Suppose that people are working on an ongoing task. They are most likely to forget to complete a prospective-memory task if
a. they create a mental image of that prospective-memory task. b. they are performing the ongoing task automatically. c. the ongoing task is relatively easy. d. they create some concrete, external reminder of the prospective-memory task.
Instead of working on approaching a feared situation like flying, a client observes another individual getting on the plane, taking off, and arriving safely at the destination. This method for overcoming fear responses is called
a. imitating. c. modeling. b. desensitizing. d. flooding.
The view of learning that emphasizes the ability to learn by observing a model or receiving instructions, without firsthand experience by the learner, is called ________ theory
a. contingency b. conditioning c. cognitive learning d. social learning