When a patient in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has insulin infusing intravenously, the nurse expects a drop in the serum levels of
a. sodium and potassium.
b. potassium and phosphate.
c. bicarbonate and calcium.
d. sodium and phosphate.
B
Frequent verification of the serum potassium concentration is required for patients with DKA receiving fluid resuscitation and insulin therapy. The serum phosphate level is sometimes low (hypophosphatemia) in DKA. Insulin treatment may make this more obvious as phosphate is returned to the interior of the cell. If the serum phosphate level is less than 1 mg/dL, phosphate replacement is recommended.
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A group of nurses is presenting the importance of high-quality care during a systemwide meeting of medical-surgical nurses. They point out a finding of the Quality Chasm that:
a. being insured has little effect on a person's longevity and the quality of care received. b. lobbyists for the drug companies are able to gain permission for the use of new drugs within 1 year of their discovery. c. although a greater number of lawsuits stem from medication errors, more people actually die from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome (AIDS). d. medication-related errors place a tremendous financial burden on the U.S. health care system.
Acuity data and nursing hours per patient day (NHPPD) are concrete data parameters that are primarily used to:
a. benchmark. c. develop a nursing budget. b. adjust staffing levels. d. review patient care outcomes.
The nurse is preparing to form a group in an inpatient psychiatric setting for patients who have experienced trauma. In addition to the group leader, the nurse would anticipate including how many patients?
A) Three or four B) Five or six C) Seven or eight D) Nine or 10
What steps can be taken to overcome the time barrier to adopting an EBP?
a. Devote 15 minutes a day to reading evidence related to a clinical problem. b. Subscribe to e-mail summaries of research studies in your area of interest. c. Take advantage of available technologies to provide quick and convenient access to relevant data and clinical guidelines. d. All of the above