Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. If the variance has been calculated, the researcher then only needs to take the square root of it to find the standard deviation.
2. The greater the magnitude of the variance, the less dispersed the data are.
3. Researchers prefer to report the variance instead of the standard deviation because it is easier to interpret and understand.
4. When calculating the variance and standard deviation for grouped data, one would use the midpoint of the group instead of the individual case score.
5. The standard deviation of a sample has the same formula as the standard deviation for a population.


1. True
2. False
3. False
4. True
5. False

Criminal Justice

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Which strategy requires lawyers to articulate to the Court prior to voir dire the juror characteristics they are looking for?

a. Affirmative jury selection b. Random selection c. Category masking d. Prejudgement ratings

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Which of the following statements is true of halfway houses?

A. They are maintained by prison wardens. B. They provide a more institutionalized living environment than prisons. C. They are responsible for high rates of recidivism among former inmates. D. They can be tailored to the needs of former inmates.

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Which of the following statements regarding proposals to reduce federal caseloads is true?

a. Reducing the jurisdiction of federal courts would nearly double the caseload of state courts and states would certainly oppose such an action
b. Creating additional courts and judgeships would require additional funding of the federal judiciary, which already comprises a sizeable portion of the federal budget.
c. It is unlikely that Congress will ever have the filibuster-proof majority needed to authorize additional federal judgeships.
d. The antagonistic relationship between Congress and the federal judiciary is unlikely to result in any significant reforms.

Criminal Justice

The purposes of an investigator having a pretrial conference with the prosecutor include:

a. discussing probable lines of questioning. b. predetermining answers to possible questions. c. getting acquainted with the prosecuting attorney. d. trying for a plea bargain.

Criminal Justice