Why is the term GMO a misnomer for transgenic organisms? What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: Humans have been genetically modifying crop plants for thousands of years by artificial
selection, which has dramatically increased the yield and nutritional value of crop plants.
There is now an alternative to artificial selection: genes can be transferred into crop plants
using biotechnology. These transgenic plants are produced faster and more precisely than by
plant breeding and carry specific new phenotypic characteristics such as resistance to insects
or herbicides. The transferred gene can originate from another plant, an animal, or even from
fungi or bacteria. In contrast to selective breeding, which transfers hundreds or thousands of
genes in each cross, transgenic plants receive only one or a few specific genes. In the media,
transgenic plants are often called genetically modified organisms (GMOs) or genetically
modified (GM) plants. However, in the larger picture, all crop plants have been genetically
modified over thousands of years by selection and crossbreeding before the use of
biotechnology to accomplish the same goal.
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Chloroplasts are thought to have evolved from:
A. algae. B. autotrophic protists. C. mitochondria. D. cyanobacteria. E. proteobacteria.
When a plant becomes infected by pathogenic bacteria or fungi, it may respond by way of a fight or
flight response – a defense that cordons off an infection site surrounding it with dead cells.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.Which of the following molecules are able to
cut DNA molecules at specific sequences?
a. assembly enzymes b. hydrolytic enzymes c. restriction enzymes d. ligase enzymes e. repair enzymes
Budding release of virus may result in long lasting or persistent infection.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)