For which of these nursing actions must the nurse use surgical asepsis to prevent infection?
a. Urinary catheter insertion
b. Taking a rectal temperature
c. Reinforcement of dressings
d. Irrigating a nasogastric tube
ANS: A
Surgical asepsis (sterile technique) refers to an item or area that is free of all microorganisms and spores. The urinary tract is a sterile system, and surgical asepsis must be used for urinary catheter insertion to maintain this sterility. B, C, and D are not actions requiring sterility.
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a. angiocath c. vascular access de-vice b. butterfly d. central venous catheter
Following auscultation of a patient's heart, the nurse documents grade III murmur. What are the characteristics of this type of murmur?
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