How is the 4-letter language of nucleic acids converted into the 20-word language of amino acids?
a. The 4 nucleic acid bases combine in 2-letter combinations that define different amino
acids.
b. The 4 nucleic acid bases combine in 3-letter sequences that define different amino acids.
c. Triplets of the 2-letter nucleic acid bases are translated into the 20 different amino acids.
d. The 4 bases each specify 1 amino acid, which give rise to the remaining 16 amino acids.
e. The 4 bases are first converted into tRNA molecules, which can each attach to 5 amino
acids.
B
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In prokaryotes, the RNA polymerase holoenzyme consists of
A. the core polymerase plus two alpha subunits. B. the core polymerase plus two beta subunits. C. the core polymerase plus two alpha subunits, two beta subunits, and a sigma subunit. D. the core polymerase plus a sigma subunit. E. two alpha subunits, two beta subunits, and two sigma subunits.
Why is carbon ideally suited to be the "backbone" in molecules produced by living organisms?What will be an ideal response?
Which of the following characteristics best distinguishes dinoflagellates from the other Alveolata?
A. All dinoflagellates have a macronucleus and micronucleus. B. All dinoflagellates are photoautotrophic. C. All dinoflagellates have two distinctively placed flagella. D. All dinoflagellates are free-living.
A bacterium, containing one circular DNA chromosome, undergoes four rounds of replication. How many new strands of DNA would result?
A. 8 B. 14 C. 16 D. 24 E. 32