A client is complaining of chest pain that occurs during exercise. This pain is relieved when the client rests. The nurse realizes that this client is experiencing which type of angina?
1. Prinzmetal's variant angina
2. Silent angina
3. Stable angina
4. Unstable angina
3
Stable angina is precipitated by factors that increase oxygen demand or reduce oxygen supply. Chest pain occurs predictably with the same onset, duration, and intensity and is relieved when the precipitating factor is removed or with nitroglycerin. Unstable angina is typified by an increase in frequency, duration, and intensity of symptoms at lower levels of activity and even at rest. Prinzmetal's variant angina is a coronary artery spasm. Silent angina can occur with no pain at all and is common in diabetic patients.
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A nursing student studying obstetrics asks the faculty, "How does the sperm get so much energy to swim up the fallopian tubes?"
The instructor responds based on which pathophysiological principle? A) Usually the ejaculation is so powerful that it propels the sperm far up into the fallopian tubes. B) Fructose is secreted by the seminal vesicles and provides energy for motility of the sperm. C) The seminal vesicles secrete fluid for the semen, and they can secrete catecholamines that energize the sperm. D) Estrogen, which is being secreted when the ova are ripe and ready for penetration, assists by attracting the sperm in the right direction.
An adult patient is admitted to the hospital with a severe migraine headache. The patient tells the nurse that he has been taking a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug for pain
The nurse under-stands that the most appropriate drug for a patient with a severe migraine is which of the follow-ing drugs? a. Ibuprofen (Motrin) b. Propranolol (Inderal) c. Sumatriptan (Imitrex) d. Verapamil (Calan)
When a patient's adverse reaction to a blood transfusion is differentiated, which of the following signs/symptoms indicates the presence of an anaphylactic response?
a. Wheezing and chest pain b. Headache and muscle pain c. Hypotension and tingling of the extremities d. Crackles in the lungs and increased central venous pressure
M.S. has never had an osteoporosis screening. She confides that her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with osteoporosis when they were in their early 50s
What diagnostic test is most commonly used to diagnose osteoporosis? M.S.'s diagnostic test revealed a bone density T-score of ?2.7. How will this be interpreted? M.S. receives a prescription for alendronate (Fosamax) 70 mg/wk. Which instructions are appropriate as you provide patient teaching to M.S. about this drug? Select all that apply. a. "Take the medication with 8 ounces of water immediately on arising." b. "You can take this medication with your morning coffee or orange juice." c. "You can eat your breakfast along with this medication." d. "You need to sit or stand upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication." e. "If you experience any severe abdominal pain, vomiting, or jaw pain, notify your doctor immediately." M.S. asks whether she needs to take a calcium supplement. How do you answer her? What nonpharmacologic interventions will you teach M.S. to prevent further bone loss?