Postpartum urinary retention can be caused by:
a. Decreased sensitivity to bladder fullness
b. Stretching of the ureters during delivery
c. Contraction of bladder muscles caused by oxytocin
d. The effects of proteinuria and lactosuria on the bladder
ANS: A
During labor and delivery, genitourinary tissues may become edematous and traumatized, leading to a decreased awareness of the need to void. In addition, the bladder has increased capacity and decreased muscle tone.
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