The major shortcoming of the instinct concept is that __________.
A. instincts have never been shown to exist in any species
B. the instinct concept is too complex an explanation of most motivated behavior
C. asserting the existence of an instinct does not help us to understand the behavior in question
D. it is too physiological in theoretical orientation
Answer: C
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Rudy is late catching his bus. He pushes through a group of people on the sidewalk and knocks down a woman. He doesn't stop to see if she is okay, and continues to run to the bus stop. Rudy is engaged in __________ aggression.
A. social B. instrumental C. hostile D. passive
Improvement in infant memory probably indicates
a. enhanced encoding of information. b. less efficiency in retrieving stored information. c. that older infants use more memory pruning. d. that deferred imitation must come before a child's ability to remember is solidified.
Molly strongly believes that she will hurt herself while playing basketball. A few weeks later, she actually does hurt herself during a basketball game. Her injury may have been the result of:
A. a self-fulfilling prophecy B. a confounded experience C. a subliminal message D. ESP
Positive changes in insecure working models in adulthood occur whenever . . .
a. Adults are motivated to change b. Adults change their friends c. Adults become parents d. We don’t know; the precise pathways for these changes are not yet well understood.