First define what is an expectancy. Then define the two types of expectancies.
What will be an ideal response?
An expectancy is a mental representation of event contingencies. It develops when an animal or person experiences an event and consequently creates an internal or mental representation of the experience. This representation contains information about the relations among previously experienced events and about the relations between the behavior and the consequences of the behavior. There are two types of expectations: Associative-link expectancy that contains knowledge about the contiguity between two events. A behavior-reinforcement belief is the second type and contains knowledge of the consequences of a specific action.
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If an announcer describing each pitch during a baseball game fails to notice a naked fan running across the infield, the announcer would be demonstrating
a. inattentional blindness. b. attentional blindness. c. perceptual set. d. feature analysis.
Regarding intelligence, psychologists have long argued about all but which of the following?
a. how to define it b. what factors govern it c. whether different racial and ethnic groups have different levels of intelligence and what accounts for these differences d. how to measure it e. whether it varies among members of a population
Which of the following is a negative, sometimes aggressive behavior aimed at the target of prejudice?
a) stereotypes b) bias c) discrimination d) reactance
The guidelines for prenatal care focus mostly on three key areas ____
a. rest, stress reduction, and the avoidance of fatty foods b. diet, exercise, and avoidance of teratogens c. exercise, mental state, and relaxation d. prenatal vitamins, exercise, and avoidance of caffeine