Describe the levels-of-processing theory outlined by Craik and Lockhart and the kinds of memory codes
What will be an ideal response?
Craik and Lockhart proposed that incoming information can be processed at different levels and that people engage in three progressively deeper levels of processing. The three types of memory codes are
* structural encoding-shallow processing that emphasizing the physical structure of the stimulus;
* phonemic encoding-processing that emphasizes what a word sounds like; and
* semantic encoding-the deepest level of processing that emphasizes the meaning of the verbal input and involves thinking about the objects and actions the word represents.
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