Identify and discuss the theory that explains why an observed test score is made up of the “true score” and “random error”. Give examples.
What will be an ideal response?
• Classical test theory:
• According to classical test theory, any test score that a person obtains can be considered to be made up of two independent parts. The first part is a measure of the amount of the attribute that the test measures. This is known as the person’s true score (T). The second part of an obtained test score consists of random errors that occur anytime a person takes a test (E).
• It is this random error that causes a person’s test score to change from one administration of a test to the next (assuming that his or her true score has not changed).
• Because this type of error is a random event, sometimes it causes an individual’s test score to go up on the second administration, and sometimes it causes it to go down.
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