The parents of a child with a karyotype of 47,XY, +21 ask the nurse what this means. Which is an accurate response by the nurse?
a. This karyotype is for a normal male.
b. This karyotype is for a normal female.
c. This karyotype is for a male with Down syndrome.
d. This karyotype is for a female with Turner's syndrome.
ANS: C
This child is male because his sex chromosomes are XY. He has one extra copy of chromosome 21 (for a total of 47, instead of 46), resulting in Down syndrome. A normal female would have 46 chromosome and XX for the sex chromosomes. A normal male would have 46 chromosomes. A female with Turner's syndrome would have 45 chromosomes; the sex chromosome would have just one X.
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