When the term criminology was first coined, it aptly described and encompassed the ________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Ans: Scientific concern with the phenomenon of crime.
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Releasing a prisoner into society who then commits another crime is an example of inadvertent injustice
a. True b. False
Leading by objectives (LBO) necessitates setting goals that are tangible, attainable, and measurable. Which statement below correctly identifies the objective of LBO?
a. At the individual level, LBO creates non-specific performance suggestions. b. Rather than using goals to control, LBO seeks to use them to engage. c. The organization's overall goals are kept separate from successive levels (i.e., division, bureau) in the police department. d. The setting of objectives is a one-way, downward process.
Which of the following was ruled by the Supreme Court as a result of the Miranda case?
A. A Miranda warning is not required if the police ask the suspect questions that are testimonial in nature. B. Suspects can be seated in interrogation rooms for a few hours before questioning. C. Every suspect needs protection from coercion. D. Confessions are invalid if the suspect is aware of the Miranda warning.
Shock probation is based on a(n) ________ model
A) specific deterrence B) general deterrence C) retribution D) incapacitation