Briefly describe or give examples of adaptations that help desert plants reduce water loss. What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: Many desert plants have adaptations that reduce water loss. For example, some have spines
or hairs. In addition to deterring herbivory, these structures reduce evaporation by trapping
some water and keeping the humidity around the stomata high. Where rains fall seasonally,
some plants conserve water by leafing out only after a rain, then dropping leaves when dry
conditions return.
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The presence of cyanobacteria ____ in rock dating to 2.5 billion years ago is direct evidence of the first water-splitting
photosynthesizers.
a. microfossils b. biosignatures c. stromatolites d. cytoskeletons e. endosymbiont
An electrocardiogram is used to
A) measure the amount of blood leaving the heart with each contraction. B) measure the electrical activity of the heart. C) listen to heart sounds. D) correct a heart murmur. E) initiate angina pectoris.
Which is a direct result of cleavage?
A) formation of the nervous system B) formation of the notochord C) division of cells D) segmentation
Which of the following presents the greatest challenge to the development of a vaccine against HIV?
A. HIV doesn't provoke the production of antibodies. B. Surface antigens on HIV change readily due to frequent mutations. C. Individuals are unwilling to participate in vaccine trials out of fear of developing AIDS. D. Antibodies against HIV don't provide any protection from infection.