A patient is diagnosed as having an elevated cholesterol level. The nurse is aware that plaque on the inner lumen of arteries begins as what?
A) Fatty streaks
B) White blood cells (WBCs)
C) Foam cells
D) Platelets and fibrin
A
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Coronary artery disease is characterized by the progressive growth of atheromatous plaques, or atheromas, in the coronary arteries. These plaques, which begin as fatty streaks in the endothelium, eventually injure the endothelial lining of the artery, causing an inflammatory reaction. This inflammatory process triggers the development of characteristic foam cells, containing fats and WBCs that further injure the endothelial lining. Over time, platelets, fibrin, other fats, and remnants collect on the injured vessel lining and cause the atheroma to grow, further narrowing the interior of the blood vessel and limiting blood flow.
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The focus of nursing care in the intraoperative phase is to:
a. Prepare the patient for surgery b. Maintain the sterile field c. Ensure patient safety during the surgery d. Obtain a signed informed consent
The nurse is assessing the client following orthopedic surgery for a deep vein thrombosis. When performing this assessment, the nurse is most correct to perform which movement?
A) External rotation B) Flexion C) Dorsiflexion D) Supination
You told your co-worker that one of the co-worker's clients is a prostitute
The client's physician had shared this information with you in confidence and did not believe it was essential for the rest of the staff to know because it did not affect the client's current treatment. Which of the following principles did you breach? 1. autonomy 2. fidelity 3. confidentiality 4. beneficence
When involved in treating a client experiencing a hypertensive emergency, the nurse prepares to administer:
a. oral hydralazine hydrochloride. c. intramuscular diazoxide. b. intravenous sodium nitroprusside. d. subcutaneous heparin sodium.