The murmur of a ventricular septal defect (VSD) occurs when the ventricle contracts and blood flows from the left ventricle into the right ventricle. This creates a ____ heart murmur
A. Holodiastolic
B. Early diastolic
C. Holosystolic
D. Late systolic
ANS: C
Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a congenital heart defect in which oxygenated blood is shunted from a higher-pressured left ventricle to a lower-pressured right ventricle through an abnormal opening in the ventricular septum. This left-to-right shunt causes an increased blood flow across the pulmonic valve. The signs and symptoms depend on the size of the defect and the age of the patient. A VSD murmur occurs after the mitral valve closes (S1). Characteristic of a VSD is a loud, harsh, pansystolic murmur at the lower left sternal border, usually accompanied by a thrill.
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