Suppose you are studying a rare spontaneous cancer in cats, which you suspect is retrovirus-induced. What kinds of retroviral insertion could lead to cancer, and what kind of genetic signature would you look for to distinguish between them?
What will be an ideal response?
One possible scenario is stimulation of a proto-oncogene through insertional mutagenesis, inserting near and overexpressing a proto-oncogene under the regulatory control of viral control elements. Another scenario is infection with a transducing retrovirus, in which expression of the v-onc gene induces tumor formation. The genetic signature of the two scenarios differs in the presence of v-onc. Isolating DNA from tumor tissue and sequencing the viral insertional site (perhaps first identified through viral genes like gag, pol, and env) would reveal whether v-onc or c-onc genes are present. Most proto-oncogenes contain introns that are not present in the corresponding v-onc.
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All of the following are fungi except:
A) molds. B) Paramecium. C) Penicillium. D) yeasts.
The production of antibodies that results from the entrance of a foreign object such as a virus or bacterium, into the bloodstream of a host is referred to as
A) allelopathy. B) a behavioral response. C) an inflammatory response. D) an immune response.
A basement membrane ____
a. is a cell membrane
b. is a specialized lipid bilayer
c. forms on the surface of plant cells
d. supports and organizes animal tissues
e. is a sheet of non-fibrous material
How does photosynthesis benefit nonphotosynthetic organisms such as humans?
What will be an ideal response?