The naming explosion typically occurs at 18 months, but the timing of this event varies widely for individual children. Which of the following is NOT correct regarding individual differences in word learning?
a. Twin studies find that vocabulary size is more similar in identical twins than in fraternal twins indicating a role for genetics.
b. Children have larger vocabularies when they are exposed to high-quality language.
c. Children who have difficulty remembering speech sounds accurately find word learning particularly challenging.
d. Children learn fewer words when their parents' speech is rich in different words and is grammatically sophisticated.
d
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Dwight is convinced that the wheezing he has been experiencing for the past three months is a sign of cancer. He has been to four different doctors who have all told Dwight that his wheezing is due to allergies. However, Dwight refuses to take the antihistamines that have been prescribed because he is convinced that all these doctors are wrong. In this instance, Dwight is showing evidence of:
a. the framing effect b. functional fixedness c. a confirmation bias d. the availability heuristic
Today, scientists tend to see emotions as ______ to survival and a ______ source of personal enrichment
a. unnecessary; minor c. unnecessary; major b. essential; minor d. essential; major
When Jenna's father leaves her off at day care every morning she cries for about a half hour
Which attachment behavior is Jenna demonstrating? a. Stranger anxiety b. Social referencing c. Separation anxiety d. Insecure attachment
Your friend insists that gender differences in behavior are due totally to socialization — that if you treat males and females exactly the same, there will be no differences between them
You disagree, arguing that biology has some influence on gender differences. What research evidence would you cite to support your claim? What will be an ideal response?