Your psychology instructor states that during a night of sleep, a person goes through cycles of light and deep sleep, while also experiencing bodily changes. Using a description of the stages of NREM and REM, describe a night of sleep, including the type of brain waves present and the characteristics of each NREM sleep stage and the characteristics of REM sleep
What will be an ideal response?
Answer will include that as the eyes close, breathing becomes slow and regular, the pulse rate slows, and body temperature drops. Soon after, four separate sleep stages occur. NREM Stage 1: As you enter light sleep, your heart rate slows even more. Breathing becomes more irregular. The muscles of your body relax. This may trigger a reflex muscle twitch called a hypnic jerk. In Stage 1 sleep the EEG is made up mainly of small, irregular waves with some alpha. Persons awakened at this time may or may not say they were asleep. NREM Stage 2: As sleep deepens, body temperature drops further. Also, the EEG begins to include sleep spindles, which are short burst of distinctive brain-wave activity. Spindles seem to mark the true boundary of sleep. Within four minutes after spindles appear, most people will say they were asleep. NREM Stage 3: In Stage 3, a new brain wave called delta begins to appear. Delta waves are very large and slow. They signal a move to deeper sleep and a further loss of consciousness. NREM Sage 4: Most people reach deep sleep in about an hour. Stage 4 brain waves are almost pure delta and the sleeper is in a state of oblivion. If awakened in this stage, the sleeper will wake up in a state of confusion and may not remember what awakened them. After spending some time in Stage 4, the sleep returns to lighter stages of sleep. The return to Stage 1 is usually accompanied by rapid eye movement and REM dream sleep. Then, the sleeper will descend back into deeper sleep with this pattern being repeat four to five times during a normal night of sleep. Although fleeting images do occur during NREM sleep, the dreams of REM sleep are longer and more vivid. REM sleep is also a time of high emotion. The heart beats irregularly. Blood pressure and breathing waver. Both males and females appear to be sexually aroused with males usually having an erection and genital blood flow increasing in women. During REM sleep the body becomes quite still, as if you were paralyzed, which keeps one from acting out their dreams.
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