An endotoxin is ________.
A. secreted by gram-positive organisms
B. indicative of gram-negative bacterial infection
C. secreted by pathogenic organisms
D. indicative of fungal infections
E. indicative of viral infections
Answer: B
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Active transport in plant root cells requires that those cells have access to O2. Normally there is enough
O2 available in air pockets in the soil, but flooded soil has very little O2. Thus, unless they have special adaptations, plants in flooded soil effectively have no active transport in their roots. Which of the following should you expect to occur for trees without special adaptations to flooding after several days in flooded soil?
a. excess uptake of water and minerals in the xylem b. wilting of their leaves c. bursting of leaf cells due to excess water flow d. excess water pushed out at the margins of their leaves e. excess uptake of water and minerals in the xylem, and excess water pushed out at the margins of their leaves
Carotenoids are composed of isoprene subunits
__________________ Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, or mad cow disease, is caused by a
A) bacterium. B) prion. C) virus. D) viroid. E) fungus.
When blood glucose levels rise, insulin signals cells to take up glucose, removing it from the blood. Diabetes mellitus is a disorder caused by a dysfunction in the insulin signaling system. There are two types of diabetes
People with type 1 diabetes must take insulin regularly, usually through injection. People with type 2 diabetes are not helped by supplemental insulin. What does this tell you about where the defect might be in these two disorders? A) Type 1 diabetes is probably caused by defective insulin receptors. B) Type 2 diabetes is probably caused by underproduction of insulin. C) Type 1 diabetes is probably caused by underproduction of insulin. D) Type 2 diabetes is probably caused by overproduction of insulin.