Suppose money supply (M) = $500, price level (P) = 2, and real GDP (Y) = $1,000. Calculate the value of velocity using the equation of exchange.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 5
Ans: C) 4
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What are some criticisms of the CPI as a measure of inflation?
Imagine the inflation rate begins to rise rapidly, the FOMC meets and it is believed that the target interest rate needed to stem the inflation could easily exceed 20 percent. Many members of the committee believe the Fed cannot announce this high of a target for political reasons. Discuss what the FOMC could do in terms of targets and what change occurred in 2002 that is going to make their job a bit more difficult.
What will be an ideal response?
When the Fed raises the discount rate, it:
A. lowers the cost of borrowing from the Fed, encouraging banks to make loans to the general public. B. raises the cost of borrowing from the Fed, discouraging banks from making loans to the general public. C. increases the amount of excess reserves that banks hold, encouraging them to make loans to the general public. D. increases the amount of excess reserves that banks hold, discouraging them from making loans to the general public.
Tennessee emits sulfur dioxide that flows into North Carolina. In meeting sulfur emissions regulations, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), which produces electricity, buys sulfur emission permits from Wyoming. The resulting hot spot problem is:
A. The citizens of Wyoming will experience higher sulfur emissions as a result of the emissions trading program. B. The citizens of Wyoming will experience lower sulfur emissions as a result of the emissions trading program. C. The citizens of Tennessee will pay more to reduce sulfur emissions than if the government used a command-and-control approach. D. The citizens of North Carolina will suffer higher emissions as a result of the emissions trading program.