What are the characteristics of bureaucracies? How does a university reflect these characteristics?
What will be an ideal response
The characteristics of bureaucracies are (1 ) clear levels with assignments flowing downward and accountability flowing upward; (2 ) a division of labor; (3 ) written rules; (4 ) written communications and records; and (5 ) impersonality and replaceability. The university bureaucratic structure flows neatly and logically from the board of governors to the faculty and maintenance staff. There is a clear and enforced division of labor. Faculty members do not paint offices and electricians do not teach courses. All universities have a host of written rules, including student handbooks, how to apply for grants, and other guidelines for students, faculty, and staff. The computerization of records has virtually eliminated "written" records but has increased the volume of data stored. When students enter a university, they are essentially "starting over." If faculty members suffer debilitating injuries or illnesses, they are replaced within a few days. Additional defense of the university as a bureaucracy may be applied.
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How does social structure exist at the meso level?
A. Organizations are housed in buildings, which have physical structures to them. B. Organizations have daily routines and patterns that shape their daily activities. C. Organizations are made up of individuals who have their own daily routines. D. Organizations have organizational structure charts so everyone knows who is in power.
An example of a total institution is a
A. School B. family. C. law firm. D. prison.
According to cultural deficiency theory, one reason certain minority groups remain at the bottom is because they
a. have cultural beliefs and practices. b. prefer a lower social status. c. fail to take advantage of the opportunities in society. d. are seeking a higher social position.
There is a category of disorders related to “deviant” sexual attractions, called ______.
What will be an ideal response?