Which of the following most accurately characterizes the changes in NAEP mathematics scores between 1990 and 2009?
a. Racial/Ethnic group score differences significantly narrowed over this decade.
b. Racial/Ethnic group score differences significantly widened over this decade.
c. Racial/Ethnic group score differences stayed about the same over this decade.
d. Racial/Ethnic group score differences were not directly measured over this decade.
e. Racial/Ethnic group score differences were similar to gender differences over this decade.
C
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Self–help skills include:
a. eye contact, asking questions, and maintaining attention during conversation. b. crawling, reaching, and manipulating objects. c. eating, dressing, and maintaining personal hygiene. d. literacy, numeracy, and maintaining cognitive function.
The level of risk associated with the null hypothesis is generally set at _______.
a. .05 b. .10 c. .001 d. .20
To what does reciprocal causation refer?
A. Common planning time for specialized literacy professionals B. Understanding content that is emphasized in a text C. Working collaboratively to ensure that reading and writing are taught together D. A domino effect of factors that adversely affects reading
Disproportionate representation of African-American males in special education is the clearest example of _____
A. the ethic of justice B. the ethic of critique C. the ethic of care D. the ethic of the profession