Mental representations or symbols of themes and human predispositions to respond to the world in a certain way that are contained in the collective unconscious are called:
A. the cultural unconscious.
B. animus and anima.
C. archetypes.
D. personae.
Answer: C
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According to cognitive dissonance theory, "we come to love the things we suffer for." For example, we tend to be especially loyal to groups that require severe or painful initiations. Why does this happen?
a. This happens because the goals themselves (the things that we suffer for) are actually always very valuable; otherwise, we wouldn't have suffered for them in the first place. b. This happens because, deep down, people really like to suffer. c. This happens because we are motivated to justify the time and effort we've spent on our choices. d. This happens because classical conditioning is at play: when we finally reach our goals, our suffering ends. We therefore associate our goals with "end of suffering" and come to love them.
William has gone to a counselor to help him with his feelings of loneliness. The counselor is likely to
a. use cognitive behavioral therapy to break the habit of automatic negative thoughts and self-defeating attributions. b. tell him he doesn't need therapy because everyone feels lonely at times. c. point out to him that he should decrease his self-disclosure to avoid embarrassment. d. tell him that social skills training is ineffective.
Lilo can't wait for school to start. This year is the first time she gets to take a foreign language class, and she is taking Japanese. Dr. Nabuto is a professor interested in studying how people learn additional languages later in life, and he is including Lilo's class in his research. Dr. Nabuto is most likely studying
a. language comprehension. b. language acquisition. c. speech production. d. speech parsing.
_________ validity is an indication of how closely a measurement correlates with another measure of the characteristic being studied
a. Internal b. Construct c. Face d. Criterion