Which of the following would be the most likely reason that atherosclerotic plaque would be responsible for producing a myocardial infarction?
1. Atherosclerotic plaque builds up on the endocardium, preventing blood from leaving the atriums.
2. Atherosclerotic plaque results in a narrowing of 50% of the coronary arteries.
3. Atherosclerotic plaque impairs the ability of coronary arteries to constrict and dilate.
4. Atherosclerotic plaque causes a blockage that prevents blood from reaching the myocardium.
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale: Atherosclerotic plaque builds up inside of blood vessels that supply heart tissue oxygen-rich blood. When the blood flow is blocked, the myocardium is damaged. Atherosclerotic plaque does damage the elasticity of blood vessels, but this is less likely to produce a myocardial infarction. Atherosclerotic plaque can result in a myocardial infarction when blocked by 50%, but more likely it will not. Atherosclerotic plaque builds up in blood vessels, not in heart chambers. (p. 339)
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