Compare and contrast the concepts of heritability, shared environment, and non-shared environment. Why is the non-shared environment typically viewed as more influential in development compared to the shared environment?
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should include:
1. Heritability is the proportion of variation on a trait within a population that is due to genetic variation.
2. Shared environment is part of the environmental variation-pecifically, influences that make children or adults raised in the same environment more similar than people raised in different environments.
3. Non-shared environment refers to influences that make children or adults raised in the same general environment different from one another.
4. Some of these differences may also be due to error of measurement, which is indistinguishable from non-shared environmental influences.
5. The non-shared environment is typically viewed as more influential in development compared to the shared environment because the non-shared environment reflects different, individual experiences. These different experiences may help account for the individual differences seen in children, especially among children who grow up in the same home and thus also have many shared experiences.
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