Provide five reasons why translation is more complex in eukaryotes compared to bacteria
What will be an ideal response?
There are several possible answers, but could include the following reasons. (1 ) In eukaryotes, mRNA needs to be transported out of the nucleus prior to it being translated. (2 ) Eukaryotic ribosomes are larger and are composed of more proteins and rRNA molecules. (3 ) Translation initiation in bacteria requires the mRNA contain the Shine—Dalgarno sequence. However, in eukaryotes, a more complex initiation process is needed that requires the 5'-G cap and the 3'-poly-A tail. (4 ) Translation initiation in eukaryotes requires many more initiation factors. (5 ) There are two tRNAs for methionine in eukaryotes: one for the initiating AUG codon and a different one used for all other AUG codons. (6 ) Termination in eukaryotes uses one of three possible Release Factors (one for each stop codon) while bacteria have a total of two release factors.
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The Hardy-Weinberg law is
a. useful in determining the extent to which a sexually reproducing population is evolving. b. used to predict when genetic drift will occur in a sexually reproducing population. c. useful in determining the extent to which polyploidy is occurring in specific plant populations. d. used to predict when specific groups of organisms will become extinct. e. useful in determining if a patient has a genetic disease.
Tertiary bronchi lead to bronchioles
a. true b. false
Four of the five answers listed below are events occurring after fertilization. Select the exception
a. cleavage b. gametogenesis c. blastula d. gastrulation e. organogenesis
Following peptide bond formation between the amino acid in the A site on the ribosome and the
growing polypeptide chain, the tRNA in the A site:a. releases the growing polypeptide chain. b. picks up another amino acid to add to the chain. c. moves to the P site of the ribosome. d. forms a peptide bond with A site of the ribosome. e. forms a covalent bond with the P site of the ribosome