Congress attempted to hamper “Black Codes” by passing the Civil Rights Act of ______ that gave Blacks citizenship and full rights, even overcoming a presidential veto to do so.
a. 1850
b. 1996
c. 1776
d. none of the above
d. none of the above
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Torture is a federal crime punishable by up to ______ years in prison.
a. 15 b. 20 c. 25 d. 30
The policing approach in which calls for service are the main instigators of police action is known as:
a. clearance rate policing. b. aggressive patrol policing. c. proactive policing. d. preventive policing. e. incident-driven policing.
In Lockyer v. Andrade (2003), the Supreme Court held that a 25-year to life sentence for petty theft under the state's three strikes law: a. violated the Constitution because it was disproportionate to Andrade's crime. b. did not violate the Constitution and was justified by the state's interest in incapacitating and deterring repeatoffenders
c. violated the Constitution because it was cruel and unusual punishment. d. did not violate the Constitution because the Eighth Amendment doesn't apply to state sentences.
Which of the following services is less likely than the other three services to be provided by volunteers?
A) security B) family services C) recreational services D) educational services