Differentiate between reception, transduction and response in cell signaling and provide an example
What will be an ideal response?
Reception is the first step, transduction the second step and response the third step in how target cells
process a signal from a controlling cell. Reception is the binding of the signal molecule with a specific
receptor on target cells. Transduction is the process of changing the signal into a form necessary to
cause a cellular response. This transduced signal then causes a specific cellular response. For example,
epinephrine is a polar hormone that is recognized by a surface receptor embedded in the plasma
membrane of target cells. When epinephrine binds the signal is transmitted through the plasma
membrane into the cell to another protein that causes the production of numerous second messenger
molecules. This results in the activation of glycogen phosphorylase.
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A key difference between hormonal regulation of the reproductive systems of males and females is that:
A. LH and FSH are released only in females. B. LH and FSH are released only in males. C. LH and FSH are released cyclically in females but nearly continuously in males. D. LH is released in males and FSH is released in females. E. LH is released continuously in males and FSH is released cyclically in females.
Define and give examples of several homologous structures
What will be an ideal response?
You are dispatched to a residence for a 50-year-old woman with respiratory distress. While you are assessing the patient, she tells you that she began experiencing flulike symptoms 4 days ago, shortly after delivering mail on the rural mail route for which she is responsible. Due to her illness, she has been unable to return to work. Her blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg, pulse rate is 120 beats/min, and respirations are 26 breaths/min and labored. Auscultation of her breath sounds reveals the presence of coarse crackles. This patient has MOST likely been exposed to:
A) anthrax. B) smallpox. C) a neurotoxin. D) botulinum toxin.
Phage typing is useful for identifying bacteria because of the specificity of (antibodies/bacteriophages/PCR) for unique bacterial structures
What will be an ideal response?