Explain the difference between "cultural relativism" and "ethical relativism."
What will be an ideal response?
ANS:
Cultural relativism is the descriptive thesis that ethical beliefs vary from one place to another. Ethical relativism is the normative thesis that there are no universally valid moral principles—that is, no moral principles that are applicable to everyone.
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Express whether the phrase "never do evil that good may come of it" is the antithesis of a utilitarian sentiment. A. No, this phrase does not describe what is morally problematic aboututilitarianism because any moral theory will justify imposing some harm oninnocent people if the harm is insignificant or curable to secure the overallgood for others
B. No, this phrase does not describe what is morally problematic aboututilitarianism because any moral theory will justify imposing some harm oninnocent people even if the harm is irreparable if it secures the overall goodfor others. C. Yes, this phrase describes what is morally problematic about utilitarianism because no moral theory justifies imposing harm on innocent people to secure the overall good for others. D. Yes, this phrase describes what is morally problematic about utilitarianism because no moral theory will justify imposing some harm on innocent people even if the harm is insignificant or curable to secure the overall good for others.
Arguments from authority may fail in all of the following ways except
A. committing a fallacy of incomplete evidence. B. drawing on a misinterpretation of the authority cited. C. failing to cite a majority of experts on the topic in question. D. appealing to the opinion of an organizational authority.
Utilitarianism considers the __________ () of the fetus when calculating the moral
harms and benefits of abortion.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).INSTRUCTIONS: Select the best answer for each argument. Nobody has ever proved that Ouija boards can't be used to predict the future. It therefore follows that they can be used for this purpose
A) Hasty generalization. B) Missing the point. C) Appeal to unqualified authority. D) No fallacy. E) Appeal to ignorance.