The text says that "there seems to be a strong tendency to interpret the world in a
way that is consistent with one's preexisting views." This tendency is called
(a) representativeness enhancement
(b) maintenance of availability
(c) confirmation bias
(d) staying with the information given
C
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__________ refers to influences that make children and adults raised in the same circumstances similar.
A. Shared environment B. Nurture C. Behavior genetics D. Non-shared environment
In the following formula, 
, ______ is the expected frequencies.
A. fcolumn B. frow C. fpopulation D. fExpected
An interviewer is asking people on the street questions about the mayor of their town. He tells them that the new mayor has a PhD in sociology, has specialized in women's and gender studies, and has published several research papers in peer-reviewed journals. The interviewer presents them with two situations and asks which one of them is more probable. He asks them if it is more probable that the
mayor is a women's rights activist, or a politician who is also a college professor. If the interviewees pick the first situation, which error in judgement are they committing? A) conjunction fallacy B) availability bias C) sunk-cost fallacy D) optimism bias
Optimists tend to use alternative thinking to
a. weather the challenges of life more effectively than pessimists. b. make themselves feel better by comparing their performance to that of less competent others. c. find a scapegoat. d. improve their cognitive abilities. e. find other people to feel superior to.