The nurse implements being authentically present to clients by supporting them in their beliefs and helping to instill hopefulness in their recovery. Which theorist is the nurse using when performing these actions?
1. Florence Nightingale
2. Hildegard Peplau
3. Jean Watson
4. Rosemarie Parse
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Nightingale's theory involved environmental manipulation.
Rationale 2: Peplau focused on the therapeutic relationship between nurse and client.
Rationale 3: Jean Watson believes the practice of caring is central to nursing and has developed nursing interventions referred to as clinical caritas processes. Of these, "being authentically present, and enabling and sustaining the deep belief system and subjective life world of self and one-being cared for" is an example.
Rationale 4: Parse developed the theory of human becoming.
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a. short shuffling steps. b. the trunk in a backward position. c. exaggerated swinging of the arms. d. lifting the legs in a high-stepping fashion.
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