A female patient who is 8 weeks pregnant is seen by a primary care nurse practitioner (NP) after a routine prenatal screen was positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A CD4 cell count is 750 cells/mm. The NP should:
a. begin immediate therapy with zidovudine and lamivudine.
b. begin therapy with zidovudine when she is in her second trimester.
c. delay treatment with antiretroviral medications until after her pregnancy.
d. initiate therapy with zidovudine if her CD4 cell count decreases to 500 cells/mm.
B
Patients who are HIV positive and who are pregnant should be treated with antiretroviral medications, but treatment should be avoided during the first trimester if possible. Zidovudine is recommended and has been shown to reduce the risk of transmission to the fetus from 25% to 8%.
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The nurse is preparing a presentation to a local group about community health practice. Which of the following would the nurse include as most important?
A) A focus on the use of technological skills to promote client health B) Focus on health promotion and prevention of health problems C) Emphasis of care being provided to individuals rather than families or groups D) Independent practice with occasional interaction with other health providers
According to research, the minimal viability parameters of an infant are
a. 20 to 21 weeks' gestation and fetal weight between 500 and 1000 g. b. 22 to 23 weeks' gestation and fetal weight between 1000 and 15,000 g. c. 23 to 24 weeks' gestation and fetal weight between 500 and 1000 g. d. 24 to 25 weeks' gestation and fetal weight between 500 and 1200 g.
A patient who recently attempted suicide talks with the nurse about wanting to take a walk on hospital grounds. The nurse responds by telling the patient, "I will talk with the psychiatrist on your behalf."
Select the accurate analysis of this interaction. a. The nurse is behaving in an overly helpful way. b. The nurse is showing positive regard for the patient. c. The nurse is modeling healthy behaviors for the patient. d. The patient has manipulated the nurse into taking this action.
A female client, from a male-dominated culture, is being discharged after a lengthy hospitalization. Which action by the nurse prior to providing discharge instructions is appropriate?
A) Assess who the decision maker is in the family. B) Make sure that the healthcare provider gives the instructions. C) Make sure instructions are understood by the client. D) Ask the client when the best time for teaching would be.