The nurse is contributing to a staff education program about infection control. Which information should the nurse recommend including as an example of a portal of exit for a pathogen in the chain of infection?
a. Hair
b. Nails
c. Mucous membranes
d. Central nervous system
ANS: C
The portal of exit is the route by which the infectious agent leaves the host, which has become a reservoir for infection: respiratory tract, skin, mucous membranes, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, blood, open lesions, or placenta. A. B. D. Hair, nails, and the central nervous system are not portals of exit.
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The nurse performs intermittent catheterization on a client with residual urine. Which outcome does the nurse expect as an indication of effective therapy?
1. A dull aching back 2. 40 ml of residual urine 3. Cloudy malodorous urine 4. Minor urinary incontinence
Which category of advanced practice nurses is the most widely accepted by the public?
a. Expanded practice nurses b. Clinical nurse specialists c. Certified nurses d. Nurse practitioners
What suggestions does the nurse make to parents to support the development of their 8-year-old child?
a. They buy the child a computer to foster a sense of self-worth. b. The emphasis is placed on the importance of being a success at all costs. c. The child is rewarded for cooperation and healthy competition with peers. d. Social relationships outside the home are limited to one or two close friends.