A child with diabetes is brought to the emergency department. He is flushed, his skin is dry, and he is drowsy. His father states that the child has been feeling progressively worse since the morning. This child is most likely experiencing:
a. Hyperglycemia
b. A systemic infection
c. Ketoacidosis
d. Water intoxication
C
In ketoacidosis, the child's skin is dry and the face is flushed. Patients appear dehydrated. They may perspire and be restless. The breath has a fruity odor, and there is no rest period between inspiration and expiration.
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A patient with COPD asks a nurse if nicotine patches are very effective for smoking cessation. What is the best response by the nurse?
a. "No. Only about 25% are successful." b. "Yes. The success rate is between 50% and 60%." c. "No. Prescriptions such as Wellbutrin are 90% effective." d. "Yes. Individual success has been ob-tained with combination of patches and gum."
Mrs. L has refused permission for you to assess her breasts and genitalia. Being sensitive to legal considerations, your first response is to
a. ask a family member to convince her of the importance of this assessment. b. document her refusal and conclude the assessment. c. explain the importance of the assessment and repeat your request. d. notify the nursing supervisor to speak with the patient.
Jorgio has just lost an uncle to heart failure. He has just learned about the different types of heart failure. He wants to know about acute and chronic heart failure. Discuss the difference between acute and chronic heart failure
a. Are there any similarities between the two? b. How is contractility compromised? c. How is ejection fraction and cardiac output affected?
The client receives cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) as treatment for cancer and is experiencing oral irritation as an adverse effect. What does the best plan by the nurse include as it relates to providing oral comfort?
1. Teach the client to avoid extreme temperatures of food selections. 2. Teach good oral hygiene, including the use of an antiseptic mouthwash. 3. Administer megestrol (Megace ES) to the client. 4. Teach the client to inspect the mouth weekly.