Which of the following statements regarding beta-blockers is correct?
a. They increase heart rate and are contraindicated in tachydysrhythmias.
b. They result in bronchospasm and should not be used in patients with COPD.
c. They increase cardiac output and help with left ventricular failure.
d. They are helpful in increasing atrioventricular node conduction and are used in heart blocks.
B
Knowledge of the effects of adrenergic-receptor stimulation allows for anticipation of not only the therapeutic responses brought about by beta-blockade but also the potential adverse effects of these agents. For example, bronchospasm can be precipitated by noncardioselective beta-blockers in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease secondary to blocking the effects of beta2 receptors in the lungs.
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The nursing student is performing a physical examination on a 6-year-old patient who is being admitted to the pediatric unit with abdominal pain. When would be the most appropriate time in the examination to palpate the patient's abdomen?
a. Palpate tender areas last. b. Palpate tender areas first to get it over. c. Palpate tender areas before inspection. d. Palpate before auscultation.
Massaging upward and outward from the vertebral column and back again is known as __________________
Fill in the blanks with correct word
The nurse recognizes that mineralocorticoid replacement therapy should be used judiciously in clients with:
1. hypotension. 2. aldosterone insufficiency. 3. heart failure. 4. Addison disease.
A patient who is receiving a final dose of intravenous (IV) cephalosporin begins to complain of pain and irritation at the infusion site. The nurse observes signs of redness at the IV insertion site and along the vein. What is the nurse's priority action?
a. Apply warm packs to the arm, and infuse the medication at a slower rate. b. Continue the infusion while elevating the arm. c. Select an alternate intravenous site and administer the infusion more slowly. d. Request central venous access.