Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics identified by Michael Rutter as almost always present in children with autism?
a. Failure to develop social relationship
b. Lower than average intellegence
c. Language retardation with impaired comprehension
d. Ritualistic or compulsive behaviors
ANSWER: b
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Vygotsky would argue that all learning is culturally based, and thus, learning would vary depending on the culture in which the child was raised.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
A learning product is not necessary for small-group learning
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Which of the following statements best reflects what the effect of ‘Natural Fear Level’ in the table tells us?
about an animal. Three groups of children were shown a picture of an animal that they had
never seen before (a quoll). Then one group was told a negative story (in which the quoll is
described as a vicious, disease?ridden, bundle of nastiness that eats children’s brains), one
group a positive story (in which the quoll is described as a harmless, docile creature that
likes nothing more than to be stroked), and a final group weren’t told a story at all. After the
story children rated how scared they would be if they met a quoll, on a scale ranging from 1
(not at all scared) to 5 (very scared indeed). To control for the natural anxiousness of each
child, a questionnaire measure of trait anxiety was given to the children and used in the
analysis. The (edited) R output is below. The next two questions relate to this output.
a. The child’s natural level of fear had a significant relationship with their fear
beliefs about the animals.
b. The child’s natural level of fear did not have a significant relationship with
their fear beliefs about the animals.
c. The type of information given to the children had a significant relationship
with the child’s natural level of fear.
d. The type of information given to the children did not have a significant
relationship with the child’s natural level of fear.
e. Natural fear levels were significantly different in the groups of children.
Which is NOT believed to be a factor that increases the likelihood of cognitive delays?
A. traumatic brain injury B. chicken pox C. rubella D. meningitis