Which of the following is true of jugular venous pressure (JVP) measurement?
A) It is measured with the patient at a 45-degree angle.
B) The vertical height of the blood column in centimeters, plus 5 cm, is the JVP.
C) A JVP below 9 cm is abnormal.
D) It is measured above the sternal notch.
B) The vertical height of the blood column in centimeters, plus 5 cm, is the JVP.
Measurement of the JVP is important to assess a patient's fluid status. Although it may be measured at 45°, it is important to adjust the level of the patient's torso so that the blood column is visible. This may be with the patient completely supine or sitting completely upright, depending on the patient. Any measurement greater than 4 cm above the sternal angle is abnormal. This would correspond to a JVP of 9 cm because we add a constant of 5 cm, which is an estimate of the height of the sternal notch above the right atrium.
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