If individuals are asked to rate the effectiveness of condoms in preventing the transmission of HIV (the virus that causes AIDS), they would be most likely to rate a condom as effective if they were told:
a. that the condom has a 95 percent success rate in protecting against the HIV.
b. that only 5 condom users out of every 100 are not protected against the HIV.
c. that the condom has a 5 percent failure rate in protecting against the HIV.
d. It does not matter, because all of the other options describe the same statistical effectiveness.
Answer: a
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Freud's psychoanalytic theory posits that the superego consists of
a. information that we have in mind at any given moment in time. b. the demand for instant gratification without regard to social rules or customs. c. primitive sexual and aggressive impulses, memories of troubling emotional experiences, and unacceptable wishes or ideas. d. information that can be retrieved from memory and brought into awareness at any time. e. the internalized moral teachings of parents or other significant others that may be partially conscious and partially unconscious.
Beyond dissociative memory loss, some individuals not only lose their past identity, but completely start another, different life far from former friends and family. This behavior is known as
a. dissociative transition. b. second chance syndrome. c. dissociative amnesia compensation. d. dissociative fugue.
Approximately how many Americans participate in self-help groups?
a) 500,000 b) 1 million c) 6 million d) 12 million
Positive psychology has brought particular attention to ______.
A. common weaknesses in individuals B. personal resilience C. emotional strength D. popular psychology