Which of the following has the Supreme Court determined constitutes "cruel and unusual punishment"?
a. Incarceration for life without the possibility of parole
b. The increased likelihood that minorities will be sentenced to death more than whites
c. The execution of minors
d. Capital punishment
e. Using juries to determine the facts of a death penalty case instead of relying on the judge
C
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The European Union was founded in
1993 1957 2010 1648
The increase in __________ is the greatest threat to the viability of the intergenerational system for funding Social Security
a. birthrates b. life expectancy c. social insurance taxes d. the size of the working population
The effect of the Supreme Court decision in Buckley v. Valeo (1976) was that ______.
A. limits on aggregate contributions from individuals was unconstitutional B. reporting requirements and contribution limits were constitutional, but limits on spending violated the free speech protections of the First Amendment C. Congress did not have the authority to establish campaign finance laws because elections were regulated by the states D. corporations were entitled to the same free speech protections in the First Amendment as individuals
Today, senior White House staff members are drawn from the ranks of
A. the president's campaign staff. B. Ivy league colleges and universities. C. the nation's top law schools. D. Congress. E. the Department of Justice.