Which is not an element of a Bivens action?

A) Excessive force
B) Color of law
C) Constitutional right
D) Reasonableness


A) Excessive force

Criminal Justice

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In the 1990s, New York City began to use an ongoing, aggressive style called zero-tolerance policing

a. True b. False

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What is a union?

A. The relationship between management and labor within an organization B. An organization that represents dues-paying workers for the purpose of negotiating with employers C. An organization that represents dues-paying workers for the sole purpose of negotiating salaries only. D. An organization that represents dues-paying workers for legal negotiations between the city or municipality and the police department regarding procedures and standards of behavior

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The beginnings of virtue ethics can be traced to Aristotle's distinguished predecessors, Socrates and__________

A. Heraclitus. B. Plato. C. Apollo. D. Pythagoras. E. None of the above.

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Which of the following statements pertaining to Venezuelan prisons is true?

a. The prisons in Venezuela are considered to be the largest in the world. b. Penal confinement is prescribed for all felony convictions. c. The use of probation as a sentence is high. d. Family members do not have visiting rights.

Criminal Justice