A client has experienced a narcotic overdose. What acid–base imbalance should the nurse expect to observe in this client?

Question

1. Respiratory acidosis
2. Respiratory alkalosis
3. Metabolic acidosis
4. Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 1

Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Because narcotics generally act to decrease or suppress respirations, this client is probably hypoventilating. The expected acid–base imbalance would be respiratory acidosis.
Rationale 2: Respiratory alkalosis is associated with hyperventilation.
Rationale 3: This imbalance occurs with too much acid in the body. The respirations will increase. It is not typically seen in a client experiencing a narcotic overdose.
Rationale 4: This imbalance is seen in those with prolonged periods of vomiting or other conditions where the body loses acid.