A toddler client with a fever is prescribed amoxicillin clavulanate 250 mg/5 cc three times daily by mouth × 10 days for otitis media. Which teaching point will guard against antibiotic resistance to the disease process?
1. Administer a loading dose for the first dose.
2. Measure the prescribed dose in a household teaspoon.
3. Give the antibiotic for the full 10 days.
4. Stop the antibiotic if the child is afebrile.
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: Antibiotics must be administered for the full number of days ordered to prevent mutation of resistant strains of bacteria. A loading dose was not ordered. A household teaspoon may contain less than 5 cc, and the full dose must be given. Stopping the antibiotic before the prescribed time will permit remaining bacteria to reproduce, and the otitis media will return, possibly with antibiotic-resistant organisms. The absence of a fever is not an indication that all bacteria are killed or not reproducing.
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