Paul Meehl has suggested that when clinicians mistakenly pay attention to vague, superficial, or stereotyped statements by clients, and fail to pay to attention to subtler but more important evidence, they are victims of the cognitive error he has labeled
a. cognitive dissonance effect.
b. unreliability bias.
c. Barnum effect.
d. diagnostic fallibility crisis.
Answer: c.
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Gick and Holyoak (1980) found that the ability to solve a problem
a. did not depend on the participant's having previously read the solution to a similar problem. b. was dependent on the participant's being explicitly told to use the example as a hint in solving the problem. c. was independent of whether participants had been told to use the story as a hint in solving the problem. d. was unrelated to the participant's familiarity with similar problems.
Your beliefs about what is right or wrong, good or bad, and acceptable or unacceptable are your
A. Ethics B. Values C. Integrity
During the tonic phase of a tonic-clonic seizure
A. rhythmic muscular contractions occur. B. coma occurs. C. urination, defecation, and sweating commonly occur. D. breathing ceases and muscles contract.
To extinguish an operant behavior it is necessaryto
A) use punishment B) stop reinforcing it C) applyan aversive stimulus D) use classical conditioning