The International City/County Management Association (ICMA), the city manager's professional association, says that city managers should

a. avoid efforts to be perceived as too aggressive in developing and setting policy, as initiates should come fromthe council members or outside interests

b. play primarily a ministerial and custodial role by following the wishes and demands of the full council and itsindividual members.
c. respect the strict division between politics and administration.
d. build political capacity so they can assist the elected body in framing community issues because the role of themanager is crucial in helping the governing body function more effectively and, if the governing body isviewed as functioning well, that spills over to the manager as well.


d

Political Science

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A _________ is defined as someone who is already in office.

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