The most common cause of pancreatitis is:
a. cholelithiasis c. opioid use
b. cholangitis d. excessive alcohol consumption
D
Pancreatitis is an inflammation and potential necrosis of the pancreas that may be acute or chronic. The most common cause of pancreatitis is excessive alcohol consumption. Other causes include biliary disease such as cholelithiasis (gallstones) or cholangitis (inflammation of the bile ducts). Gallstones may plug the pancreatic ducts causing excessive fluid pressure on the ducts and irritation from the bile causing inflammation. Certain drugs such as opioids, furosemide, sulfonamides, tetracycline, valproic acid, azathioprine, acetaminophen, thiazide diuretics (HydroDiuril), estrogen, and corticosteroids can cause pancreatitis. Other causes include infectious diseases such as mumps and hepatitis B; viral infections (such as HIV), diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperlipidemia, hypercalcemia, malnutrition, prolonged use of enteral feedings, and blunt trauma to the abdomen. In some cases, the cause is unknown.
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1. Between six and eight months old. 2. Of a Native American family. 3. Of a non-Hispanic black family. 4. Younger than three weeks old.
The nurse is caring for a client with an eating disorder in which self-imposed starvation resulted in more than a 15% loss of body weight. This condition is known as:
a. anorexia nervosa c. obesity b. bulimia d. substance abuse
The nurse understands that certain patients are more susceptible to pressure ulcer development. Which patients should the nurse identify as being at an increased risk for this health problem?
Select all that apply. 1. patient with restricted activity 2. patient with decreased sensation 3. patient who is very thin 4. patient with urinary and fecal incontinence 5. patient with good nutrition
With the rise of violence in the psychiatric department, the nurse manager decides that she should work with the risk manager in violence prevention. The nurse manager should:
a. Request all staff to accept new risk management practices. b. Hold staff accountable for safe practices. c. Document inappropriate behavior. d. Hire more police security.