Which of the following is not true of translesion synthesis (TLS)?
A. TLS uses polymerases with wider-than-normal active site architecture to accommodate abnormal nucleotides in the template.
B. TLS lacks the 3'-5' exonuclease activity usually required for proofreading.
C. It is activated during replication when the polymerase stalls at a lesion; the TLS polymerase takes over long enough to extend the DNA over the lesion.
D. TLS can be used to repair lesions such as pyrimidine dimers, bulky adducts, and double-stranded breaks.
E. All of these choices are true.
D
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Which of the following is not true of the formation of a eukaryotic translation initiation complex?
A. eIF4F binds to the 5' cap of the mRNA. B. eIF2 binds to the A site to block the binding of the initiating tRNA. C. At least two GTP molecules are hydrolyzed per initiation event. D. eIF1, eIF1A, eIF2, and eIF3 are displaced before the 60S subunit joins the 40S subunit.
The effect of beneficial microbes of normal biota against invading microbes is called ________.
A. axenic B. microbial antagonism C. infectious disease D. endogenous infection E. gnotobiotism
Which of the following is part of the abiotic environment of an organism?
A. grass B. rain C. food D. decomposers
Fimbriae and pili differ in that
A) there are only one or two pili per cell. B) pili are used for motility. C) pili are used to transfer DNA. D) pili are used for transfer of DNA and motility. E) pili are used for attachment to surfaces.