The cause of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is:
a. viral c. unknown
b. bacterial d. stress
C
The cause of RA is unknown, but there seems to be a genetic predisposition (susceptibility) in many, but not all, persons affected. It is believed that something must trigger the disease process such as a virus, bacterium, hormonal factors, or stress. The person's immune system attacks the cells inside the joint(s), producing substances that act as antigens. Immune complexes are formed within the joint, causing inflammation, swelling, and increased synovial fluid. As this chronic, systemic condition progresses, surrounding cartilage, tendons, and ligaments become involved. Thickening of synovial tissue eventually leads to calcification of the joint, joint pain, limited mobility, and deformity.
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The rationale for nurses utilizing nursing intervention classifications (NICs) when developing a nursing care plan for a child on the unit is to:
1. Improve communication among nurses working with the child. 2. Assist medical records in documenting care provided for insurance purposes. 3. Aid the nursing supervisor in evaluating the nursing staff. 4. Coordinate medical orders with nursing orders.
Jorgio has just found out there is also right-sided and left-sided heart failure. He wants to know what the difference is and how it affects the rest of the body. Compare and contrast right-sided and left-sided heart failure
a. What causes left-sided versus right-sided failure? b. Describe the treatment for both types. Are they similar? c. Which of the two progresses to a more severe prognosis? d. What are the symptoms? e. Does either have compensatory mechanisms?
Which examples are natural disasters that could affect IT systems?
a. Bomb, flood b. Earthquake, bomb, terrorist attack c. Flood, earthquake, hurricane d. Terrorist attack, hurricane, flood
The priority short-term outcome for a female client with anorexia nervosa is to:
1. establish an exercise pattern. 2. correct her body-image misconception. 3. restore nutritional status. 4. increase self-awareness of feelings.